Flamenco Essay - 2200 Words

To what extent is Flamenco iconic of Spanish cultural identity? The passionate imagery conjured by the flamenco art form of colour, life and exoticness are characteristics often associated with perceptions of Spain. In saying that, within contemporary society flamenco has now become an icon of â€Å"Spanish culture† however the degree to which its resemblance accurately portrays Spanish, or more specifically the Spanish nation’s cultural identity is limited due to it being more an expression of regional identity that has been portrayed to be a national symbol (Malefyt 1998). This argument can be seen in the examination of how it is tied to the social identity of the southern locality of Andalusia, its exploitation as a politicised art form and†¦show more content†¦The importance of that description is twofold, not only because it ties regional and national identity together but demonstrates how a regional cultural peculiarity can be converted into the imagination to have national significance. From the 1960s with the influx of tourists came kitsch â€Å"flamenco†, a shoddy parody of the real thing yet a way for gypsies to earn a living (Totton 2003, p.156). The ability to further appropriate for personal benefit can be seen in Franco’s eagerness to use unifying Spanish images during his dictatorship of 1939-1975 where he adopted flamenco into the nationalist discourse known as La Hispanidad which effectively led the process of deregionalisation through internal migrations from Andalusia to northern provinces (Paetzold 2009, p.209). The Franco regime deployed messages through flamenco as they used film as a means of disseminating propaganda to the masses (Hayes 2009, p.94) and Spanish scholars sought to make flamenco a symbol of national identity (Washabaugh 1997). Furthermore, a network of penËÅ"a bars were opened across Spain, television programmes such as Cantares supported this unofficial nationalization of flamenco and along with this new Francoist narrative, Spain was promoted a s anShow MoreRelated Flamenco Essay898 Words   |  4 Pages Flamenco is an individualistic folk art, a genuine Southern art form, which was mainly originated by Andalusian gypsies. It exists in 3 forms: El cante, song, el baile, dance and guitarrra, guitar playing. Its roots also are with Arabs, Spanish Jews and socially outcasted Christians. The flamenco essence is song, which is usually accompanied by guitar and improvised dance. Complex rhythmic patterns and sophisticated footwork differs from other European dance forms. The word quot;flamencoquot;Read MoreThe Works Of Francisco Pena Perez1969 Words   |  8 Pagescomposer, producer and innovator of Flamenco. He was born in Andalucian city of Cordoba on June 1st, 1942 and has started learning how to play the guitar from his brother at the age of 6. At the age of 12, he experienced his first professional performance. He performed throughout Spain in his early age and decided to move to London in 1960s to pursue his career abroad. According to Woodall (n.d.), â€Å" since then, his reputation as a refined interpreter of traditional flamenco-guitar forms has remained unequalled†Read MoreEssay On Your Daughter Dances Flamenco1493 Words   |  6 Pagesswirl, that’s how it all started. I remember it like it was yesterday. My mother and I were standing in line at a frame shop. There was a girl with a black leotard and a red flowy skirt standing in front of us, with her mother. â€Å"Your daughter dances Flamenco, right? Where does she take classes?† My mother asked the girl’s mother. Next thing I remember, I was in a dance studio, staring at a group of dancers who seemed to be flying across the room, all wearing long skirts and dance shoes. I couldn’t takeRead More†John Jin† Essay938 Words   |  4 Pages†John Jin† by Rose Tremain Essay People always intend to avoid thinking about mortality. Immortality is impossible. We know that. But we always dream about that there is a tiny possibility that something will last forever. It could be a relationship, or a family. The truth is that everything has an end. The things that we care about have to end at some point. Something we know but always seem to come as a surprise. This is true in the case of Susan in the short story â€Å"John Jin†. In the shortRead MoreCreative Dance7322 Words   |  30 PagesTap. * FLAMENCO Flamenco dance (baile) is a highly-expressive, Spanish dance form. The flamenco is a solo dance characterized by hand clapping, percussive footwork, and intricate hand, arm and body movements. In recent years flamenco has become popular all over the world and is taught in many countries: in Japan there are more academies than there are in Spain. On November 16, 2010 UNESCO declared flamenco one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Flamenco TechniqueRead MoreThe Evolution Of Music And Its Ability1319 Words   |  6 Pagesof the reason why people get such pleasure by listening to music. However, many still hold that there is no scientific theory that could fully explain the internal processes of music appreciation. Philip Ball, a consultant editor for Nature, in his essay â€Å"Science Music: Facing the music†, takes such a stance. It is vital to note that this position does not discourage scientific studies of music. Instead, it promotes a dual understanding of music appreciation: one based on objective technical studiesRead MoreArt Is Not Plagiarism Or Revolution?1128 Words   |  5 PagesUNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO EXTENDED ESSAY 4 â€Å"Art is either plagiarism or revolution.† –Paul Gauguin. What is your â€Å"art†? Is it plagiarism or revolution? Add a mustache and a beard to the Mona Lisa--it becomes L.H.O.O.Q., a Dada piece of art by Marcel Duchamp. Assemble a bicycle seat and handlebars--it becomes Bull s Head, a found object artwork by Pablo Picasso. The creation of such works, which directly borrow ideas or actual parts of another work, can be considered plagiarism, but that assumptionRead MoreWhat I Have Chosen The Country Spain1180 Words   |  5 PagesSpain. I think Spain is very interesting country because it has a long history and fervent people. Most people think about Spain as football WorldCup, a fighting bull and Flamenco. However, Spain is very famous with its cuisine. Also known as Spain s food is very intense and flavorful. In fact, in a previous block, I wrote an essay about compared with Spain and South Korea s food culture. Food of Spain and Korea deal in common. Both countries have love of the spicy foods, and rice is a main ingredientRead MoreSpain And South Korea s Food Culture1470 Words   |  6 PagesSpain. I think Spain is very interesting country because it has a long history and fervent people. Most people think about Spain as football WorldCup, a fighting bull and Flamenco. However, Spain is very famou s with its cuisine. Also known as Spain s food is very intense and flavorful. In fact, in a previous block, I wrote an essay about compared with Spain and South Korea s food culture. Food of Spain and Korea deal in common. Both countries have love of the spicy foods, and rice is a main ingredientRead MoreNiche Tourism2488 Words   |  10 PagesThe aim of this essay is to discuss the relevance of niche tourism and what facts may affect it. It discusses briefly what a niche market is and what role has in the tourism industry. Different facts are exposed during the essay in order to give a better understanding on how economy, politic, technology and social affect tourism in general and the construction of niche markets. In addition, other influences have been discussed to give more information on current facts affecting the industry. An interesting

What Is The Value Of Graphic Design Essay - 1567 Words

What is the value of graphic design? Graphic Design’s role in advertising is arguably a controversial one in regards to the morality and principles that designers have to consider when generating work for companies and issues they find have questionable ideologies. To a certain extent, graphic designers have to take into consideration the ethical and moral implications any design brief may have and deliberate the monetary value against their own moral standards. Taking this into consideration, the value of graphic design will be reflected upon, concentrating on its value within the advertising industry whilst discussing relevant examples of artists whose moral values have been called upon. The history of graphic design and its origins will also be considered in order for the value of graphic design in advertising to be thoroughly explored and developed. Philip B. Meggs said of graphic design: â€Å"As early as 1922 the Massachusetts-based type designer, calligrapher, and book designer William Addison Dwiggins c oined the term graphic design.† (Meggs, P.B., Purvis, A.W., 2006.) Commercial artists, those whose visual communicate and problem solve through design, have been referred to as graphic designers ever since. From this point on, the relationship between designers and clients and their often-conflicting ideologies has been a matter of social discussi ¬Ã‚ ¬on and an issue many designers have reflected upon. Graphic Design on the most part, is design that visually communicates aShow MoreRelatedEssay On Graphic Design1133 Words   |  5 PagesGraphic design, also known as communication design, is the practice of planning and displaying ideas and experiences with visual and textual content. Graphic design can be physical in nature, like designing posters, flyers, billboards, postage stamps, or any other physical visual form of design. Graphic design can also be digital like creating a virtual design for blogs, websites, online advertisements, and so on. Digital design also has a multitude of purposes such as commercial, professional, educationRead MoreThe Teaching Of Art As Social Revolution Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pagesis an argument, there is always a counter-argument. Is it morally right for graphic designers to design something so persuading? In The Teaching of Art as Social Revolution by Vincent Lanier,he argues that it is morally right for graphic designers to design anything. T o begin with this, it is important to know that fine arts and popular arts like photography, motion pictures, graphic design in advertising, fashion design- are the same and serve the same purpose to the community which is to reflectRead MoreGraphic Design Through A Sustainability Lens900 Words   |  4 PagesGraphic design through a sustainability lens As the language, methods, and practice of sustainable graphic design evolve, what constitutes sustainable graphic design becomes less clear. Looking at graphic design through the various lenses of sustainability can help guide what this might mean in practice. A single-focused approach Contemporary understanding of sustainability has deep roots in environmentalism (Edwards, ch. 1). A prime example is Rachel Carson’s 1962 book Silent Spring, which firstRead MoreThe Future of Graphic Design Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagesgraphicdesign.com, about 93% of Graphic Designers agreed to the statement that the Graphic Design industry is in bad shape and do not know where the discipline is headed. The root of Graphic Design is communication of an idea through art or graphics. And it has been in human history for the longest time, from cave drawings to hieroglyphs and from physical prints to the digital media. It has become a well-established industry but many of those who have been working as graphic designers for years see thatRead MoreGraphic Designs Of Graphic Design Disciplines Essay930 Words   |  4 PagesGraphic Design Disciplines It did not require very much thought to narrow down the list of Graphic Design Disciplines. Of the twelve types of disciplines discussed, I can see myself working in the fields of Brand and Identity Design, Motion Graphics, and Advertising. Brand and Identity Design is what most people think of when hearing the words â€Å"graphic design†. Admittedly, I assumed that the creation of logos, the look of products, websites, were the only aspects of this field. So, those were theRead MoreHow Graphic Design Has Had On Popular Culture And Consumerism1700 Words   |  7 PagesIn this summative essay I would like to explore and analyse the influence that Graphic design has had on popular culture and consumerism. Graphic design can be defined as â€Å"the art and practice of planning and projecting ideas and experiences with visual and textual content. The form of the communication can be physical or virtual, and may include images, words, or graphic forms.† (aiga.org) Designers are problem solvers and it is their job to come up with a suitable solution to a problem. They haveRead MoreOday, Graphic Design Has Taken Over The Entire World. â€Å"In1062 Words   |  5 Pagesoday, graphic design has taken over the en tire world. â€Å"In recent years, design has become an international phenomenon affecting an increasing number of countries from the developing world and designers play a major role in the process of cultural and sustainable development† (Sasaki, Sali). Some may think it’s just a simple color or a logo, but it’s not just that. It’s a way of persuasion. Graphic designers alter the way an individual goes about their daily life. Most don’t realize the effects thatRead MoreHistory of Graphic Design1765 Words   |  7 PagesHistory Graphic Design History Graphic Design Similarities of Different Graphic Designs Graphic design is an art that entails visual communication, which tends to combine words, images or even an idea in an effort to bring out some information to an audience. Graphic designers effectively put their art and profession mainly in the design of graphics, logos, and posters among other forms of visual communication. In addition, these designers assist in creation of continuity among the differentRead MoreTypes And Purposes Of Graphic Representations1024 Words   |  5 PagesTypes and purposes of graphic representations 18. What is a graphic representation? A graphic representation is a illustrative diagram that shows interdependencies between variables. 19. List seven different types of graphic representations. Column charts, area charts, pie charts, bar charts, line charts, bubble charts and scatter diagrams 20. Describe when each of these seven graphic representations would best be used. Column charts – to show us how the data may change over time or show us the differenceRead MoreDesigning A Corporate Level Of The Renaissance Of Classical Literature And Early 21st Century966 Words   |  4 PagesGraphic Design, often referred to as visual communication, â€Å"is the transmission of information and ideas using symbols† as defined by author David White. Type design and page layout began in the Renaissance of classical literature and continued through the work of Italian humanists. However, Design on a corporate level did not begin until the years after world war two. Following the war, â€Å"good design is good business† was a major theme and the driving force for the future of the industry. Giovanni

Concept of Marketing Management

Question: Discuss the concept of marketing management. Answer: Introduction This study is based on concepts of marketing management. Marketing is lifeblood for any origination it deals with so many integral parts of a product and allows it to be marketed with most possible brand image and profitability. Discussion Marketing Management is analyzing, planning, Implementing and controlling programs strategies to bring out the desired goals and objectives. It is the name of the process which involves the following; Marketing Objectives i.e. Top management determines the objectives that may be Short term or long term objectives. These objectives have to be in coherence with the Companys Goals and objectives. Planning: This part answers that, how to implement the objectives? This includes sales forecasting and Marketing strategies. Organizing: It is involved of collecting and coordination of the require means to implement a plan to achieve pre-determined objectives. Coordination: Various department s should have coordination to achieve objectives. Like ware house, transportation and sales staff. Direction: It deals with development of new market, new marketing plan, leadership and motivation of employees. Controlling: It determines standards of actual performances and adoptive of corrective measures. Staffing: Right, accurate and up to mark employees should be selected to run successful market operations. Analysis and Evaluation: To do regular analysis regarding the process evaluating each steps to gain objectives (Hollensen, 2015). Marketing Management means good knowledge about consumer demand. Product, allocation demands exact location. Placement, by understanding the need of the market and buying power of consumers. Pricing adequately by keeping all important aspect of the product into account promotion of the product for making it renowned in the market. This process is also known as marketing 4Ps (Zineldin and Philipson, 2007). Under the current circumstances, marketing is heavily based on the Research factor. Following techniques are being used in the Global world of Marketing for research, Qualitative Research i.e. interviewing from various groups/Consumers. Quantitative Research i.e.statistical numbers of companys product. Demand and supply of products. Experimental Techniques such as Test marketing. Observational Techniques i.e. observing statistics of test marketing (Malhotra, 2008). Firstly, identification of Products segmentation (i.e. High/ low Price, Quality / Quantity of Product), secondly, Resources and capabilities of company should be exactly known. It is very important to know about companys resources and capabilities in order to balance Demand and supply of companys product. In case of misbalance, worst result may occur. After designing successful strategies and planning, proper implementation of theselected strategy and planning is required. By implementing the strategy marketing managers will, be able to aim for better result and maximum profit generation for the company.Marketing managers works broadly to design the core marketing process such as Product development, price management, and Marketing management. Managers look for vendors and suppliers for effective supply chain process. Conclusion Marketing Managers works to ensure that the goals and objectives are successfully executed according with the strategy selected. They also analyze either the selected strategy is cost effective. Marketing managers often make use of various organizational control systems. Such as sales forecast, sales force management system and customer relation management. TheImportance of Marketingfor the Success of a Business. The heart of your business success lies in itsmarketing. Most aspects of your business depend on successfulmarketing. The overallmarketingumbrella covers advertising, public relations, promotions. Bibliography Crearemarketing, (2012). Tag Archives: 4Ps. Sales Marketing: Whats the Difference?. Hollensen, S., 2015.Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Malhotra, N.K., 2008.Marketing research: An applied orientation, 5/e. Pearson Education India. Zineldin, M. and Philipson, S., 2007. Kotler and Borden are not dead: myth of relationship marketing and truth of the 4Ps.Journal of consumer marketing,24(4), pp.229-241.

Lord Of The Flies Essays (752 words) - English-language Films

Lord Of The Flies In most books, the authors use symbolism to expand the novel beyond its literal meaning. Symbolism is used to represent or foreshadow the theme of the story. As one reads William Golding's classic novel, Lord of the Flies, he will begin to recognize the way basic civilization is slowly stripped away from the boys. In this novel, the author utilizes many elements of symbolism to help accomplish his message, which is man is basically evil. In Lord of the Flies, Golding uses signal fire not only to rescue the characters from corruption and evil, but also to symbolize common sense. The boys, who are stranded on an island, create fire, attempting to contact boats out on the sea. They use the fire to signal to the boats that are out on the ocean for assistance. In the beginning, the boys are eager to leave the uninhabited island, so they try their best to make the signal fire. Also, the author reveals that the boys desire to depart from the island because they are afraid that they will turn into savages; the boys fear that savagery will cause them to kill other innocent people. Life became a race with the fire and the boys scattered through the upper forest. To keep clean flag of flame flying on the mountain was the immediate end and no one looked further. Even the smallest boys, unless fruit claimed them, brought little pieces of wood and threw them in. (129) As time progresses, savagery becomes more evident in the boys' behavior. When Jack steals Piggy's specs, the only hope of lighting the fire is destroyed: the specs are the only way to start the fire. Thus, the boys cannot be rescued from the island. We [cannot] keep one fire going. And they dont care. And what is more, I dont sometimes. (139) With the loss of the fire, common sense is also lost and savagery prevails. In attempting to rescue themselves from savagery, the boys also face a dilemma of saving themselves from the beast. Because they have heard dreadful stories about the beast, the boys are intimidated by it. However, they do not realize that the beast is the evil that resides within themselves. The boys are, all aware that such a beast exists, but none of them realize, except Simon, that it lies within them. The beast also symbolizes savagery. A beast represents a wild, cruel animal, and humans are also beasts since they have an innate animal instinct within themselves. In the story, the author mentions how the beast is a hunter and [people cannot] kill it. (126) The beast apparently cannot be eradicated because it is the id part of human beings. Also because Simon represents the conscience of human beings, he reminds the boys that the [beast is] only us, (89) The conch, being a symbol of high hand and authority, is used to call meetings and to set laws throughout the island. People need civilization. They require laws and rules within their lives; the restrictions bring structure and order to an otherwise chaotic lifestyle. Without laws, civilization ceases to exist because then, humans return to a primitive state of savagery. The conch is the only connection that the boys have with the real world of rules. Otherwise, they would be running around uncontrolled. However, the conch ensures that there is some sort of moderation in the boys' lives. The island is savage wilderness where civilization is nowhere to be seen. Thus, the boys require some sort of reminder, a check that will keep them at bay. But when the destruction of the conch is made the authority on the island is gone and Ralph is left to fend for himself. In Lord of the Flies, Golding utilizes many elements of symbolism to attain his message, which is man is basically evil. This is recognized by first showing how the signal fires represents the rescue from corruption and how the signal fire is slowly extinguished. Furthermore, the beast represents the beast within the children. The beast that will bring out the savagery in the children. Finally, the conch is symbolizes the way civilization is the law and rule that will

Sensory Perception free essay sample

There are also other cases where what we think we see is not really what it is, â€Å"habits, interests, and biases, focuses and thus limits our perceptions. † (Kirby Goodpaster, 2007, pg. 56) I believe that our sensory information in most regards is accurate, without any sort of accuracy we would not depend on them as much as we do in our thinking and decision making. When we feel heat on a pan on the stove our senses alert us to the danger of being burnt and we proceed with caution. When we see that it is raining outside we know we will get wet and make a decision to bring an umbrella to keep warm. Hearing is another powerful sense that we use to listen to words, is crucial in communication, and is interactive with our thinking. When we hear a very loud noise close to us we are startled and our senses might kick in and tell us to take cover for safety. We will write a custom essay sample on Sensory Perception or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When we sense better, we in turn think better. 2. Identify and describe at least three factors contributing to the accuracy of sensory data. Sensory data is vital towards survival in the wild. Animals depend on their senses in hunting, fighting, and decision making. The senses of many predators have adopted and developed in many ways that allow them to be the best, most efficient hunters and at survival. Each animal has unique senses that allow them to have a much better chance at survival. Bats can hear at a higher frequency that allows them to locate capture predators easier, many invertebrates are able to analyze and see polarized light to help in the water. â€Å"Some snakes use infrared radiation to locate warm-blooded prey, and certain beetles can use it to sense forest fires. (â€Å"Senses, 2012†) In order for our sensory data to be accurate we need to ensure that our perceptions are sharp which will help us in better delivery of data to our brains. We also need to ensure that our observations are accurate, that we have gotten all of the facts right. Another factor to take into consideration is that â€Å"we need to perceive beyond appearances and behind false faces† (Kirby Goodpaster, 2007, pg. 54) 3. Discuss the roles of â€Å"nature† and â€Å"nurture† with regard to the interpretation and evaluation of sensory data. I think that in regard to the interpretation and evaluation of sensory data that primarily in humans both nature and nurture are involved. We still possess the fight or flight primal sense for survival. On the other hand I think that our nurture has become a part of who we are and does affect our sensory data. As an example, a person raised in Japan and one raised in Mexico will have been raised with different senses of taste, smells, sounds or hearing, and with very different visual experiences. These differences in sensory data will affect who they are and their thinking. Yes, on a basic level we all feel pain, see, hear, but their experiences and how the nurturing affects them will be very different. As stated earlier, â€Å"custom in the form of habits, interests, and biases, focuses and thus limits perceptions. † (Kirby Goodpaster, 2007, pg. 56) I think we do act on our animal instincts in our human behavior but I also do believe that we think and behave in certain ways due to being taught to do so, our sensory data is a combined mixture of both that we take into consideration and sensing in our thinking and actions.

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome essays

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome essays Imagine the thought of a mother going in to her childs room and kissing her baby good night. Expecting to hear the gentle breath of her baby all that she hears is silence. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden death of an infant under one year of age which remains unexplained after a thorough case investigation, including performance of a complete autopsy, examination of the death scene, and review of the clinical history (Willinger, et al., 1991). More children die of SIDS in a year that all who die of cancer, heart disease, pneumonia, child abuse, AIDS, cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy combined. Many researchers now believe that babies who die of SIDS are born with one or more conditions that make them especially vulnerable to stresses that occur in the normal life of an infant, including both internal and external influences. SIDS occurs in all types of families and is largely indifferent to race or socioeconomic level. SIDS is unexpected, usually occurring in otherwise apparently healthy infants from 1 month to 1 year of age. Most deaths from SIDS occur by the end of the sixth month, with the greatest number taking place between 2 and 4 months of age. A SIDS death occurs quickly and is often associated with sleep, with no signs of suffering. More deaths are reported in the fall and winter and there is a 60-to-40-percent male-to-female ratio. A death is diagnoses as SIDS only after all other alternatives have b een eliminated: SIDS is a diagnosis of exclusion (Willinger, et al., 1991). Risk factors are those environmental and behavioral influences that can provoke ill health. Any risk factor may be a clue to finding the cause of a disease, but risk factors in and of themselves are not causes. Researchers now know that the mothers health and behavior during her pregnancy and the babys health before birth seem to influence the occurrence of SIDS, but these variables a...

Economi politic Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economi politic - Term Paper Example Media freedom is deemed as a critical aspect in the development of developing democracies in the wake of social awareness and reforms. Indonesia has received a fair share of mass media revolutions that dates back to its rich history of authoritarian rule to the current state. This paper seeks to explore the development of mass media since independence focusing on the factors that promote media freedoms to encourage democratic growth. For one to understand the extent of mass media freedom in the present day, it is important to examine the history of media broadcast since Indonesia gained its independence. The relationship between the government and the media in Indonesia can be described as axiomatic with the media being on the receiving end. The media in Indonesia has always been at the heart of major transitions in the political arena. After independence, the media became organs for various political parties and their agenda, which saw an increased political biasness among media ins titutions. As such, the media were illustrated as pawns controlled by the political parties since they picked sides. A journalistic agency was established to remedy the media involvement in the prevailing politics and instil professionalism among the stakeholders. Although the gesture was noble, nothing much was achieved and consequently, most newspapers were easily described as political mouthpieces in the 1950s.1 Notably, President Sukarno abandoned liberal democracy to adopt a guided system that sought to influence the media and direct their activities. In its regulations, the regime alienated the opposition and propagated its political manifesto through the media. The year 1965 saw the ascent of General Suharto to power with the seizure of the only legal radio and television station in Indonesia. His government enforced stricter regulations that monitored and controlled the press and their organisation through the department of information. The government demanded mandatory memb ership to the PWI thus crushing the remains of press freedom at the time. Newspaper editors and journalists would receive threats after publishing investigative articles against the government or the Suharto’s family. In addition, bribery was a common occurrence for individuals seeking favourable article publications to boost their image. The threats and corruption served to impede press freedom, integrity as well as the quality of information disseminated.2 Some journalists stood their ground and formed a new organisation, which sought a difference from their government-controlled counterparts. This followed the closure and revocation of licenses of major publications by the government after they published articles criticising the government. The new organisation had not political affiliations whatsoever and focussed on freedom of the press an aspect that did not go down well with the government. Consequently, members of the new organisation faced arrests, discriminations, a nd victimisation for their work. Protesters and demonstrators derived from various non-governmental organisations and the society demanded reforms after the publication of provoking articles. The collapse of the oppressive regime marked the introduction of reforms that have allowed significant strides in media freedom. Presently, press freedom in Indonesia is considered as the most vibrant